donderdag 2 januari 2014

Hiram I


Hiram I
=======
970 936
Hrm
'
Heiromos / Kheiromos / Siromos (gr)
Hyrm / Hyrwm (hb)
Hi ru um mu (akk)

Means: My brother is exalted / glorified

He is also called Hirôm or Ahiram.
He is the son of Abibaal and contemporary of David and Solomon of the Hebrew state. He was 53 years old and reigned for 34 years. In his 19th year he  began his reign.
____________________________________________________________
Sources:
Flavius ​​Josephus: Against Appian 121.126 + II I 109 18 19
Ancient Jewish history VII + VIII 66 50 164
144: "Both kings are also mentioned by Menander He has translated the ancient documents of the Tyrians the Phoenician in Greek He writes the following:.." Abibal after his death is succeeded by his son Eirom He was 53 years old and reigned 34 years .... '. "
Flavius ​​Josephus therefore relies partly on Menander of Ephesus.
2nd Book of Samuel 1st Book of Kings 5.11 + 5.15 +9.11 32 14 + 14.1 + 1st book of Chronicles 2nd Book of Chronicles 2.2 15 +8.2

Hiram I must either have been very active or there is just a lot of it ended up in the traditions. Hiram I contribute to building the temple with cedar of the Lebanon and he did very much on overseas transport. He sends artisans to help in the construction of the temple. He sends sailors to Esjron Geber on the Gulf of Aqaba to help in its maritime adventure to Ophir. He alternates with Solomon riddles. In his own house, he adds the islets of Tyre together into a whole. He let make a terrace on the broad square in Tyre and makes (new) temples of Melqart and Astarte. There are also expeditions against the Itukeeërs (Utica and / or Kition and against the neighboring Acre. From Solomon he receives a lot of grain and wine. He receives the villages in the region Chabalon as payment for the services provided by Solomon, however he likes them less. It is quite conceivable that the relevant 20 villages were formerly occupied by David and now returned. Is there also a relationship between the 22 cities of Asher and these 20 villages, asking F.Briquel Chatonnet himself. *

* See: Les relations entre les cites Phenicienne et de la côte d'Israël et les royaumes the Judah F.Briquel Chatonnet, OLA 46, STUDIES PHOENICIA XII, 1992.

What began with the polite exchange of gifts is ultimately resulted in a more than 20-year fruitful cooperation in favor of both the state of Tyre and Solomon.
Hiram sees subsequently every three years the Tarshish fleet within coming with huge resources from most likely southern Spain. The ships sailed from Tyre at this time the entire length of the Mediterranean. In addition, the city has been (semi) permanent settlements in Spain (Gadir) and in Africa (Utica). Thus, the picture emerges of a very flourishing city-state, without a threat to any side. It must have been a very prosperous period Tyre.

Further time considerations:

Flavius ​​Josephus informs us that in the 11th or 12th year of the reign of Hiram he began with the construction of the temple. This would correspond to the 4th year of the reign of Solomon. Now we know the data, at which Samaria (722/721) and Jerusalem (587/586) were occupied by the Assyrians, the Babylonians respectively and where the inhabitants were deported to Mesopotamia.
Calculating back the reigns, that Flavius ​​Josephus states would then Hiram reigned in the middle of the 11th century and Solomon around 1000 BC.
The statement of Josephus, that the temple in Jerusalem 470 years after its construction was destroyed indicates such a high dating. However, Flavius ​​Josephus estimates probably the reign of Solomon too high (80 years!) * And also not correct its data with the fact that between Hiram and the foundation of Carthage nearly 156 years are only (814 in the traditional founding date + 156 year = 970/969).

Most contemporary authors then keep it at the time: 970/969--- 936/935 as a reign of Hiram I.

Timeline

980     970     960     950     940     930     920

DAVID >>>>>>> SALOMO >>>>>>>>> Jeroboam / ROBOAM
-----------
AbibaaL >>> HIRAM I >>>>>>>>>>>>> Baal M’zer I --ABDASTARTE
-----------
AMON priests rule SESHONQ I >>>>>> I ORSOKON
-------
>>>>>>>>>>>YEHIMILK >>>> ABIBAAL BYBLOS

* The book of I Kings 11:42 mentions a forty years government!

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