Abibaal

Seal with inscription and image.

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It is uncertain where it comes from. It is now in museum of Florence (Italy). Date 7^th/6^th cent.BC. We see and advancing person with a sceptre in his left hand. He wears a crown. Behind his back we see a bird (owl?). His name seems to be Abibaal. (l’byb‘l).

First literature: R.Pietschmann, Geschichte der Phönizier, Berlin, 1889, 294.

Athene

Phoenicians in Greece 3

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Athens

- In memory amonst the living (skr bḥ ym) this was made for Abdtanit, son of Abdšemeš, the Sidonian.  CIS I 116 = KAI 53. Date: 400 BC. It is a bilingual, In Greek the persons are called: Artemidoros and Heliodoros. They were living in Athens.

- From Benhodeš, son of Abdmelqart, son of Abdšemeš, son of TNGṢ, the man from Kition. This inscription was found on marble memory-stone in Athens. CIS I 117 = KAI 55. Date 4^th/3^rd century BC. It is a bilingual. The Greek name of Benhodeš is Noumenios. The man from Kition is attached to Noumenios!

- I am š m, son of Abdaštart, from Askalon. I erected this, Domsaloḥ, son of Domhanno, from Sidon. This was dedicated. CIS I 115 = KAI 54. Date 3^rd century BC. Šm kan zijn Samo. It is a bilingual. The greek text is: Antiparos, (son) of Aphrodisios, from Asca(lon). Domsalos, (son) of Domanos, from Sidon, this is dedicated. The inscription was found on a marble-stone in Athens.

Piraeus

Phoenicians in Greece 2

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Piraeus, the harbour of Athens.

- Horon’ from Byzantion on a bilingual in Piraeus (CIS I 120=KAI 56). 4^th century BC.

In greek he is called Erene.

- I am Asept, daughter of Ešmoenhilles from Sidon. This was erected by me, Yatonbaal, son of Ešmoensaloh, head of the priests for the god Nergal. Those persons live also in Piraeus in the 3^rd century BC. CIS I 119=KAI 59. Apparently there is a precinct for Nergal, a Babylonian god.

- Abdešmoen, son of šillem, son of Abdešmoen…… The inscription is not complete. CIS I 121. He lives in Piraeus.

- This shrine is made by Benhodeš, son of Baalyaton, the sufete, son of Abdešmoen, the treasurer of the mighty Sakon. That he will bless. CIS I 118=KAI 58. It was found on a marble shrine in Piraeus. 3^rd/2^nd century BC.

- I am Mhodeš (new moon), son of PNSMLT (perhaps face of SMLT), man of Kition. KAI 57. It is a bilingual and in greek Mhodeš is called Nounenius. 3^rd cent.BC.

- On the 4^th day of the celebration in the 14^th year of the people of Sidon it was agreed in a meeting of the Sidonians to honor šamobaal, son of Mago, (head of the community of the temple and of the buildings on the court of the temple), with a golden crown of 20 drachmen of a legal value, because he made ….. etc etc etc. KAI 60=RES 1215. 3^rd century BC or 96 BC. The last date is extracted from the beginning of a new era of Sidon in 110 BC, but the shape of the signs reveals that it must be the 3^rd cent.BC. Probably there was also the start of a new time-era in the 3^rd cent.BC. It is a bilingual. In Greek šamobaal is called Diopeithes.

                                                              

Piraeus has an important community, mostly from Sidon. It has his own temple.

Thessalia

PHOENICIANS IN GREECE 1.

For some reason some Phoenicians found their way to the region Thessalia in Greece in the 3rd century BC. They were concentrated in the town Demetrias. There were found some inscriptions. Most of them are bilinguals (greek/Phoenician).

- ’šmn[‘]zr bn ….. = Ešmoenazar, son of ….. 3^rd cent.BC

- mṢbt qbry ’nk ‘bdy bn ‘bd’lm ’rwdy = Memory-stone of my grave, to me Abdai, son of Adalonim, the man from Arvad.

In Greek: Demetrios Hieronimon Arados. C.200 BC.

- šm’dn bn ḥ’r hkty šm’dn = Ešmoenadon, son of Horus hkty Ešmoenadon. C.225 BC.

- The letters are in Greek, but the names are similar to Phoenician: Mettonmikim, Abdeleb, Askalonites. 3^rd cent.BC. Probably is meant: Matanmiqim, servant of the god of the lion, from Askalon.